Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain, optic nerves, and spinal cord (central nervous system).MS causes the immune system to wrongly attack myelin, the substance that makes up the protective sheaths (myelin sheaths) that coat the brain and spinal cord nerves. Myelin sheath damage disrupts the messages (signals) your nerves convey throughout your body to carry out functions such as vision, feeling/sensation, movement, and balance.
MS is a lifelong condition that can sometimes result in severe disability, although in some people, it can cause mild symptoms with little to no disability.It can appear at any age but is mostly diagnosed in people between 20 to 40 years old. It is also known as the most common disabling neurological disease of young adults.MS is two to three times more common in women than in men.
There are four types of MS:
The risk factors of MS may include:
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) diagnosis is a complex process that does not depend on a single test. Instead, confirmation typically arises when symptoms correlate with various parts of the nervous system at different times, following the exclusion of alternative diagnoses. This process relies on careful consideration, comprehensive evaluation, and medical expertise to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Physicians employ a range of tests to either confirm or eliminate the diagnosis. Alongside a comprehensive medical history and physical and neurological examinations, doctors may suggest:
There is no cure for MS. The goals of MS treatments are to minimise the frequency and intensity of relapses, as well as delay the long-term disability caused by the disease.
While MS itself is seldom fatal, severe complications can arise, such as chest or bladder infections or swallowing difficulties.
The average life expectancy for individuals with MS typically falls around 5 to 10 years below the general average. However, this discrepancy seems to be narrowing over time.
Remember, while MS presents challenges, it does not define you. By taking proactive steps and staying connected, you can live a fulfilling life despite the challenges posed by MS.
Get in touch with us to book an appointment today if you have concerns or questions regarding multiple sclerosis (MS). A dedicated and expert team of neurologists at Pantai Hospitals is available for consultation to provide the best care and assistance. We assure you the best possible care tailored to your specific needs.